Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease

Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease Welcome to Nursing Diagnosis, this time I will give information about the world, namely the Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease. I will present information about the Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease
.

Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease or end stage renal disease (ESRD) is a progressive renal dysfunction and irreversible failure where the body's ability to maintain metabolism and fluid and electrolyte balance, causing uremia (retention of urea and other nitrogen waste in the blood). (Brunner & Suddarth, 2001; 1448).


Causes

• Infections such as chronic pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis.
• Hypertensive vascular disease, for example, benign nephrosclerosis, malignant nephrosclerosis, renal artery stenosis.
• Connective tissue disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, progressive systemic sclerosis.
• Congenital and hereditary disorders such as polycystic kidney disease, renal tubular acidosis.
• Metabolic diseases such as; DM, gout, hyperparathyroidism, amyloidosis.
• Toxic nephropathy, for example; analgesic abuse, lead nephropathy.
• Obstructive nephropathy for example; upper urinary tract: calculi neoplasms, fibrosis netroperitoneal. Lower urinary tract: prostatic hypertrophy, urethral stricture, congenital anomalies of the neck of the bladder and urethra.
• Urinary tract stones are caused hidrolityasis.

Clinical manifestations

Clinical manifestations according Suyono (2001) are as follows:
a. Cardiovascular disorders.
Hypertension, chest pain, and shortness of breath due to pericarditis, pericardial effusion and heart failure due to fluid retention, heart rhythm disturbances and edema.

b. Pulmonary disorders
Shallow breathing, Kussmaul breathing, cough with thick sputum and ripple, crackling noises.

c. gastrointestinal disorders
Anorexia, nausea, and fomitus related to protein metabolism in the gut, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, ulceration and bleeding mouth, ammonia breath odor.

d. Musculoskeletal disorders.
Resiles leg syndrome (sore on his leg that has always driven), burning feet syndrome (tingling and burning, especially on the soles of the feet), tremor, myopathy (weakness and limb muscle hypertrophy).

e. Integumentary Disorders.
Skin pale due to anemia and yellowish due to accumulation urokrom, itching caused by toxic, thin and brittle nails.

f. Endocrine disorders.
Sexual Disorders: fertility libido, and erectile decrease, menstrual disorder and amenorrhea. Glucose metabolic disorders, metabolic disorders of fat and vitamin D.

g. Disorders of fluid electrolyte and acid-base balance.
Usually the retention of salt and water but can also occur sodium loss and dehydration, acidosis, hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia.

h. Hematology system.
Anemia caused by decreased production of erythropoietin, so that stimulation of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow is reduced,
hemolysis due to decreased life span of erythrocytes in uremia toxic atmosphere, can also malfunction thrombosis and thrombocytopenia.


Test and Diagnostics

In providing nursing services primarily intervention is necessary investigations required either medically or collaboration include:

1 laboratory examination of blood

• Hematology: hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets.
• RFT (renal function test): urea and creatinine
• LFT (liver function test)
• Electrolytes: Chloride, potassium, calcium
• Coagulation studies: PTT, PTTK
• BGA

2 Urine

• Urine routine
• Urine specific: ketone bodies, rock crystal analysis.

3. Cardiovascular examination

• ECG
• ECO

4. Radiodiagnostic

• Abdominal ultrasound.
• Abdominal CT scan.
• BNO / IVP, FPA.
• Renogram.
• RPG (retio pyelography).

NURSING MANAGEMENT

Nursing management in patients with CKD is divided into three, namely:

a) Conservative

• Laboratory examination of blood and urine.
• Observation of fluid balance.
• Observation of edema.
• Limit fluid intake.

b) Dialysis

• Peritoneal dialysis: usually done in cases of emergency. While dialysis can be done anywhere that is not acute CAPD (Continues Peritonial Ambulatory Dialysis)
• Hemodialysis: dialysis That is done through invasive action in the vein by using a machine. At first hemodiliasis performed through the femoral region, but to simplify it done:
• AV fistula: combining veins and arteries.
• Double lumen: directly in the heart area (vascularization to the heart).

c) Operations

• Stone retrieval.
• Kidney transplant.

Thank you for reading our Nursing Management for Chronic Kidney Disease article. Hopefully you can benefit from here. And here are a few articles that you may also find:

nursing diagnosis, nursing diagnosis for hypertension, nursing diagnosis for pneumonia, nursing diagnosis for copd, nursing diagnosis for pain, nursing diagnosis for depression, nursing diagnosis for diabetes, nursing diagnosis for anemia, nursing diagnosis handbook, nursing diagnosis for anxiety, nursing diagnosis list, nursing diagnosis anxiety, nursing diagnosis acute pain, nursing diagnosis application to clinical practice, nursing diagnosis and interventions, nursing diagnosis anemia, nursing diagnosis activity intolerance, nursing diagnosis asthma, nursing diagnosis altered mental status, nursing diagnosis and intervention for nephrotic syndrome, nursing diagnosis acute renal failure, nursing diagnosis book, nursing diagnosis book pdf, nursing diagnosis body image, nursing diagnosis bleeding, nursing diagnosis bowel obstruction, nursing diagnosis bipolar, nursing diagnosis by nanda, nursing diagnosis breast cancer, nursing diagnosis back pain, nursing diagnosis bowel incontinence, nursing diagnosis constipation, nursing diagnosis copd, nursing diagnosis cellulitis, nursing diagnosis chf, nursing diagnosis chronic pain, nursing diagnosis chest pain, nursing diagnosis cholecystectomy, nursing diagnosis concept map, nursing diagnosis cva, nursing diagnosis coronary artery disease, nursing diagnosis definition, nursing diagnosis diabetes, nursing diagnosis depression, nursing diagnosis dehydration, nursing diagnosis decreased cardiac output, nursing diagnosis dementia, nursing diagnosis diarrhea, nursing diagnosis dvt, nursing diagnosis deficient knowledge, nursing diagnosis diverticulitis, nursing diagnosis examples, nursing diagnosis electrolyte imbalance, nursing diagnosis edema, nursing diagnosis examples for pain, nursing diagnosis education, nursing diagnosis evaluation, nursing diagnosis epilepsy, nursing diagnosis emphysema, nursing diagnosis esrd, nursing diagnosis etiology, nursing diagnosis for fever, nursing diagnosis for uti, nursing diagnosis gi bleed, nursing diagnosis generator, nursing diagnosis gerd, nursing diagnosis goals, nursing diagnosis grieving, nursing diagnosis gout, nursing diagnosis guidelines, nursing diagnosis glomerulonephritis, nursing diagnosis guillain barre syndrome, nursing diagnosis guidebook, nursing diagnosis handbook pdf, nursing diagnosis hypertension, nursing diagnosis handbook 11th edition, nursing diagnosis handbook 10th edition pdf, nursing diagnosis hypoglycemia, nursing diagnosis head injury, nursing diagnosis hopelessness, nursing diagnosis hypotension, nursing diagnosis hyperglycemia, nursing diagnosis infection, nursing diagnosis impaired gas exchange, nursing diagnosis ineffective coping, nursing diagnosis impaired mobility, nursing diagnosis impaired skin integrity, nursing diagnosis ineffective tissue perfusion, nursing diagnosis immobility, nursing diagnosis impaired comfort, nursing diagnosis insomnia, nursing diagnosis impaired urinary elimination, nursing diagnosis journal, nursing diagnosis jaundice newborn, nursing diagnosis jokes, nursing diagnosis joint pain, nursing diagnosis juvenile diabetes, nursing diagnosis joint replacement, nursing diagnosis jaundice tests, nursing diagnosis juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, nursing diagnosis jehovah witnesses, nursing diagnosis junctional dysrhythmias, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit, nursing diagnosis kidney failure, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit related to medication, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit diabetes, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit related to diabetes, nursing diagnosis knee replacement, nursing diagnosis kidney transplant, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit related to pregnancy, nursing diagnosis knee pain, nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit related to smoking, nursing diagnosis list 2015, nursing diagnosis labor and delivery, nursing diagnosis lung cancer, nursing diagnosis list for postpartum hemorrhage, nursing diagnosis low hemoglobin, nursing diagnosis list 2016, nursing diagnosis lupus, nursing diagnosis leukemia, nursing diagnosis loneliness, nursing diagnosis manual, nursing diagnosis malnutrition, nursing diagnosis meningitis, nursing diagnosis meaning, nursing diagnosis mental health, nursing diagnosis metabolic acidosis, nursing diagnosis manual 4th edition, nursing diagnosis mobility, nursing diagnosis mi, nursing diagnosis mrsa, nursing diagnosis nanda, nursing diagnosis nutrition, nursing diagnosis newborn, nursing diagnosis nausea, nursing diagnosis noncompliance, nursing diagnosis nanda 2016, nursing diagnosis nephrotic syndrome, nursing diagnosis nclex questions, nursing diagnosis nutrition imbalance, nursing diagnosis neutropenia, nursing diagnosis of hypertension, nursing diagnosis of pneumonia, nursing diagnosis of fever, nursing diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, nursing diagnosis of anemia, nursing diagnosis of asthma, nursing diagnosis of meningitis, nursing diagnosis of schizophrenia, nursing diagnosis of fracture, nursing diagnosis of appendicitis, nursing diagnosis pain, nursing diagnosis pneumonia, nursing diagnosis pdf, nursing diagnosis postpartum, nursing diagnosis pocket guide, nursing diagnosis powerlessness, nursing diagnosis pressure ulcer, nursing diagnosis pancreatitis, nursing diagnosis post op, nursing diagnosis psychosis, nursing diagnosis quizlet, nursing diagnosis questions, nursing diagnosis questions quizlet, nursing diagnosis quizzes, nursing diagnosis quadriplegic, nursing diagnosis quotes, nursing diagnosis quit smoking, nursing diagnosis quality of life, nursing diagnosis questions and answers, nursing diagnosis qualifiers, nursing diagnosis risk for infection, nursing diagnosis risk for falls, nursing diagnosis related to, nursing diagnosis related to hypertension, nursing diagnosis related to pain, nursing diagnosis related to diabetes, nursing diagnosis related to anemia, nursing diagnosis reference manual, nursing diagnosis risk for, nursing diagnosis risk for injury, nursing diagnosis thrombocytopenia, nursing diagnosis template, nursing diagnosis threatened abortion, nursing diagnosis tachycardia, nursing diagnosis taxonomy, nursing diagnosis tia, nursing diagnosis tissue perfusion, nursing diagnosis teaching, nursing diagnosis types, nursing diagnosis tetralogy of fallot, nursing diagnosis uti, nursing diagnosis urinary incontinence, nursing diagnosis urinary retention, nursing diagnosis upper respiratory infection, nursing diagnosis uk, nursing diagnosis upper gi bleed, nursing diagnosis ulcer, nursing diagnosis unilateral neglect, nursing diagnosis urinary, nursing diagnosis uti sepsis, nursing diagnosis vs medical diagnosis, nursing diagnosis vomiting, nursing diagnosis ventilator, nursing diagnosis vision impairment, nursing diagnosis vomiting nausea, nursing diagnosis vertigo, nursing diagnosis vsd, nursing diagnosis ventricular tachycardia, nursing diagnosis vascular dementia, nursing diagnosis weakness, nursing diagnosis with interventions, nursing diagnosis wound, nursing diagnosis weight loss, nursing diagnosis website, nursing diagnosis wound infection, nursing diagnosis wellness, nursing diagnosis worksheet, nursing diagnosis wording, nursing diagnosis with lactation, nursing diagnosis for xanax, nursing diagnosis for xerosis, nursing diagnosis for xerostomia, nursing diagnosis for x ray, nursing diagnosis for fragile x syndrome, nursing diagnosis for chest x ray, nursing diagnosis yeast infection, nursing diagnosis youtube, nursing diagnosis young mother, nursing diagnosis for young adults, nursing diagnosis for yellow fever, nursing diagnosis for youth, nursing diagnosis for 2 year old, nursing diagnosis for 3 year old, nursing diagnosis for 6 year old, nursing diagnosis for homeless youth, nursing diagnosis for zenker's diverticulum, nursing diagnosis for zyprexa, nursing diagnosis herpes zoster, nursing diagnosis for zofran, nursing diagnosis for zoloft, nursing diagnosis for herpes zoster ophthalmicus, nursing diagnosis for low 02 sat, nursing diagnosis 14th edition, nursing diagnosis 11th edition, nursing diagnosis 10th edition, nursing diagnosis 14th edition pdf, nursing diagnosis 14th edition carpenito, nursing diagnosis 13th edition, nursing diagnosis 13th edition carpenito, nursing diagnosis 12th edition, nursing diagnosis 13, nursing diagnosis 10th, nursing diagnosis 2016, nursing diagnosis 2015, nursing diagnosis 2014, nursing diagnosis 2017, nursing diagnosis 2014 pdf, nursing diagnosis 2013, nursing diagnosis 2012, nursing diagnosis 2 part statement, nursing diagnosis 2010, nursing diagnosis 2 part, nursing diagnosis 3 part example, nursing diagnosis 3 part statement, nursing diagnosis manual 3rd edition, nursing diagnosis for 3rd degree heart block, nursing diagnosis for 3rd degree burn, nursing diagnosis for 3rd stage of labor, nursing diagnosis for 3rd degree av block, nursing diagnosis for 3 month old, nursing diagnosis for stage 3 pressure ulcer, nursing diagnosis 4 hypertension, nursing diagnosis 4e, nursing diagnosis care plan 4e, nursing diagnosis care plan 4th edition, nursing diagnosis for 4 year old, nursing diagnosis for 4th stage of labor, nursing diagnosis stage 4 pressure ulcer, nursing diagnosis for 4th degree laceration, nursing diagnosis for 4 month old, nursing diagnosis 5, nursing diagnosis for 5 year old, nursing diagnosis for 5 month old, nursing diagnosis handbook 5th edition, nursing diagnosis care plans 5th edition, nursing diagnosis reference manual 5th edition, nursing diagnosis for ckd stage 5, 5 nursing diagnosis for copd, 5 nursing diagnosis for anemia, 5 nursing diagnosis for diabetes, nursing diagnosis handbook 6th edition, nursing diagnosis for 6 month old, nursing diagnosis reference manual 6th edition, nursing diagnosis 7th edition, nursing diagnosis handbook 7th edition, nursing diagnosis reference manual 7th edition, ackley nursing diagnosis handbook 7th edition, nursing diagnoses 8th edition, nursing diagnosis handbook 8th edition, nursing diagnosis handbook 8th edition ackley ladwig, ackley nursing diagnosis 8th edition, nursing diagnosis reference manual 8th edition, nursing diagnosis reference manual sparks 8th edition, nursing diagnosis 9th edition, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition apa citation, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition pdf, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition ackley, nursing diagnosis icd-9 codes, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition mosby, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition ebook, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition publisher, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition wilkinson, nursing diagnosis handbook 9th edition apa